Drilling machine



J. '5. BARNES DRILLING MACHINE March 4, 1930;

Filed Feb. 18, 1925 87 I a 105 f2 115 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 4, 1930..J. 5. BARNES. 1,748,941

DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb. 18, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 2 March 4, 1930. J.s. BARNES DRILLING mcnms 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 18, 1925 Pe.tentedMar. 4, 1930 com: S. BARNES, or nocxronn, rumors, Assmnon'ro. w. 1*. ANDJOHN 12mins COMPANY, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, A CORPOIQATION O]? ILLINOISDarn-me 'mncniivn Application filed February The primary purpose of thisinvention is I to provide an improved production drilling machine, socalled because it is especially de-..

signed for continuous or heavy duty work as is required in certain shopswhere large quan:

tit-ies' of parts are to be drilled. The machine is not, however,limited to drilling but is'adapted also for tapping and boring.

Anotherpurpose of my invention is to provide a drilling machine ofthis'kind which will have a large capacity asregards drill sizes, speedsand feeds, in comparison with its size. Y

A further purpose is to provide improved means for mounting and drivingthe tool spindle, whereby to eliminate as much as possible tool chatterand torsional and lateral stresses in the spindlewith a view tomaintaining alignment [thereof under all conditions and to insure a finedegree of'accuracy g and precision in drilling. In other words by reasonof these improvements the machine will produce accurate drilling withinits capacityunder continuous duty operation where heretofore with priormachines intend-' ed for this purpose the desired degree of accuracy indrilling alignment has been'dilficult to obtain because of faultymachine construcparts, economy in the cost of production of thesemachine, and the facility for lubricating from a single source all ofthe gears and the various bearings.

Other objects and attendant advantages will be appreciated by -thoseskilled in this art as the invention becomesbetterunderstood byreference to the following description when considered in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a, side elevation of a drilling machine embodying myinvention;

' Fig-3; and

18, 1925.- Serial No. 9,912. I

Fig. 2, is a front elevation of the upper portion only of the machine;

Fig. 3, is a vertical section through the li ead taken substantially onthe line 3-3 of -2; 1 Figs. 4, 5 and 6, are sections taken on the lines4-4,

. Figs. -7 and 8, are sections taken on the lines 7-7 and ,8-8,respectively, of Fig. 2. 7

Frame construction 5-5 and 6-6, respectively, of-

My invention'is embodied, preferably not necessarily, in an uprightdrilling machine having a suitable base 11, an upright edestal or column12 thereon, a; suitable wor table 13 vertically adjustable on' thecolumn, and a head or top-housing desig-. nated generally by 14 rigidlysecuredtothe "IO box-section top of the column 12.

' The top-houslng 1s preferably .a one-piece casting providing agear-box orcasing .15 direct y the exce tion that cover plates 17 and'18are provide over the opening in the top of the gear-box and front-of thespindle ousing, respectively, for access to the parts therein.

It will be noted as the description progresses that the spindle and allof the bearings there- 3 for and the various gear shafts are supportedabove the column 12 and a spindle housing 16 overhanging the work table,with in this one-piece head or housing in .'a c m-- I pact and novelarrangement the purpose'sand advantages of which will be hereinafterdescribed. v

' Spindle mounting Accordingto myinvention the isz' journaned ported inan upper andaf lower bearing top and bottom of th spindle housing-so asto provide a maximum length of bearing. The spindle itself, designatedgenerally by 19, is in the form of a cylindrical bar of relativelylar ediameter, l

which bar slides in and is guided y the lower 3 bear ng and has a socket(not shown) in its I lower end for reception of a tool or tool-carryingchuck- The upper end 21 of the spindle is reduced in diameter andrevolves "in suitable bearmgs 22 in'a non-rotatable sleeve 23 whichslidesin a-bearing24 in the upper consequently the s indle lengthwise,the pin ion being operated y a feed mechanism which will be describedlater. The spindle is suported on the sleeve 23 by an end-thrust colar26 adjustably secured to the upper end of the spindle-part 21, with aroller thrust bearing 27 interposed between the collar and sleeve, andthe opposite or upward end-thrust resulting from the drilling pressureis taken by a roller bearing 28 interposed between the driving end 29 ofthe spindle'proper and the lower end of the sleeve 23. v p The spindleproper is splined from end to end and fits in complemental splines in asleeve 31 which in turn is secured in the hub 32of a spindle drive gear33, preferably a bevel gear. T he gear hub 32 revolves in a bearingsleeve 34 which is vertically adjustable in the spindle housing 16. Anendthrust ball bearing 35 is interposed between the bevel gear 33 in thebearing sleeve '16; The bevel gear is bored out down to the splinedsleeve 31 to permit the lower end of the non-rotatable sleeve 23 totelescope within the gear and thereby increase the feed length in an.organization of parts, such as disclosed herein. A suitable bearing 36is provided in the gear 33 for guiding the lower end of the sleeve 23and consequently the spindle.

While my'invention contemplates broadly an organization of parts, suchas disclosed, or their equivalent, attention is directed to the specificconstruction of such parts, since this is one, of the principalcontributing factors to the results obtained, especially in regard tomaintaining alignment of the spindle. The bore 37 for the bearing sleeve34 and the bore providing the bearing 24 are machined in a singlesetting of the spindle housing, with the result that they establish anaccurate base for alignment of the upper and lower spindle bearings. Thebearing sleeve34, preferably of bronze, is accurately machined and itsbore is reamed. The lower end of this bearing sleeve is externallythreaded and screwed into the spindle housing, thus providing a meansfor axially adjusting the spindle drive gear 33 with respect to itscompanion pinion 38. The gear .hub 32 is-accurately finis ed on its perihery to have a running fit in the bronze bearing sleeve 34, and its boreis reamed to receive and hold in absolutely concentric relation thesplined sleeve 31 and the bearing sleeve 36. Said splined sleeve 31,preferably of tool" steel, is

ground on its periphery, has a press fit in the gear hub 32, and issecured therein by any suitable means such. as a woodrufi' key 39and oneor more set screws 41 between the sleeve and gear. hub. The splines inthe sleeve are formed preferably by abroachmg operaiii-18,941

grooves. In other words, when finishing the sleeve 31 it is mounted onan arbor by location of its spline groove surfaces 42 so that when theeriphery of the sleeve isground it will be a solutely concentric. withsaid surfaces.

'The spindle proper is machined so that its splines 43 accurately fit inthe spline grooves in the sleeve 31, both at the ends 44 and at theperiphery 45, but leaving a clearance between the bottom of the spindlespline groove 46 and the sleeve splines, As a result of thisconstruction absolute alignment of the spindlewill be maintained. Inthis re ard it will be noted that the peripheral surfaces 45 of thespindle bear against the surfaces of the splined sleeve 31 which in turnis accurately supported in concentric relation or axial alignment withthe upper and lower spindle bearings. The bearings thus provided are onefactor towards-maintaining the desired alignment. Another importantfactor is the location of the spindle-driving splines at the lowermostend of the spindle-housing so as to be close to the work and thus reduceto the minimumtorsional stresses in the spindle. Another and mostimportant factor is the provision of three or more equallycircumferentially spaced spindle-driving splines or keys, preferablyintegral with the driving part, in this instance the sleeve 31 which isin effect integral with the spindle-drive gear 33. The advantage of thisconstruction is that the wear on the ends 44 of the splines resultingfrom the driving pressure will be reduced to a minimum and equalized,thus producing a uniformly distributed driving pressure 'asdistinguished from prior constructions which employ one or twodriving-keys which have a spindle proper and of the type of the drivesplines,-a large lever arm is availablein transmltting the spindledriving pressure; Still: another advantage from a manufacturingstandpoint is -the facility with whichfthe spindle may be maintained andguided to -a high degree of precision concentrically with.- in a driVinggear. This latter advantage is obtained primarily" because of thesplined sleeve 1 construction described above, which sleeve isreplaceable.

Spindle drive mechanism This mechanism,'enclosed and mounted in thegear-box 15, comprises .a series of horizontal shafts 47, 48 and 49arranged in a vertical plane and journaled in suitable hearings in thefront and rear walls 51 and 52, respectively, of said gear-box orcasing,and change-speed gears connecting these shafts. The lowermost shaft maybe driven from any suitable source of power, the present machine beingequipped with a drive-pulley 53 connected by. bevel, gears (not shown)to said shaft. On this shaft is splined a pair of inte rally I connectedspur gears 54 and 55 whic are and 57 fixed to theshaft 48, said .thegears. Two pairs of gears are splined and independently shiftable on theshaft 49.

Thefirst pair comprising gears 62 and 63 are adapted to mesh,respectively, with gears 64 Z the gears of its respective pair.

and 57 fixed to the shaft 48, and the second pair comprising gears 65and 66 are adapted to mesh, respectively, with gears 67 and 6.8 fixed tosaid shaft 48. Said airs of gears 62-63 and 65-66 are adapted to beshifted by operation of hand levers 69 and 71, respectively, at thecontrol side of the machine, each hand lever being fixed to a rock shaft72.

mounted in the side walls of the gear-box and having depending arms 73connected to a shifter collar 74 located in a groove between By throwingthe lever 58 to the right the gears 54 and 56;will be engaged for. thelow-spindle speeds,

of which there are four, established progressively by throwing'the lever69 to the right for engaging the gears 62'64,' to the left for engagingthe gears 63 57, and by throwingthe lever 71 to the right for engagingthe gears 65-67 and to the left for engaging gears 6.6'- 68.Upon'throwingthe lever 58 to the left to engage the" ears 57, fourhigherspindlespeeds may obtained. The spindlespeedsare,obviousl ,selective.Suitable means may be rovide for holding either hand lever 69 or 1against operation when the other hasbeen operated to effect a speedchange. At present I employ a locking lever v 70 (Fig. 12 ivotedintermediate its ends on the contro s1de of the gear-box and adapted tolock either hand lever'cfrom turning when the other has been operated.To this" end, the hub of each lever when turned, raises the adjacentlever end and forces the opposite end down into a notch in-the otherlever hub.

It will be noted that the spindle. driving pin- It will also .be notedthat by arrang-' ing thechange-speed gear shafts in a vert1- calplaneand journalling them in the front and rear. walls of the gear-box,the top housing structure may be made comparatively narrow withoutimposing limitations on the size of the gears and the length of the gearshafts and, furthermore, this gearing tram nec t ed directly thereto.Furthermore, the gear-box constitutes an oil reservoir and oil in thebottom thereof is picked up by a splasher wheel7 5 on the bottom shaft.47 and by the gears'thereon' and thrown upwards 'so as to lubricate allof the-gears gear box, likewise the shaft bearings and the lower spindlebearing, it being notedthat there is an oil conduit or lead 76 from thefront-bearin of the shaft 48 to the lower spindle hearing, which leadalso extends to the bearing sleeve 36 for oiling this and the spindleproper. s j

Spindle feed mechanism Power for the spindle feed is transmitted fromthe u permost spindleespeed shaft 49 to a set of c ange-feed gearsmounted in the upper'forwvard part of the gearbox 15 and be arrangedclose to the spindle and conwithin the connected with the spindle-feedpinion '26..

through the agency of a stop mechanism which may be either'hand orautomaticallyv operated, as will be presently more fully described.

The change-feed gears referred to are mounted on horizontal shafts 77and'78 ex-. tending transversely to the spindle speed shafts andjournalled in suitable hearings in the side walls of the gear-boxabovethe uppermost shaft 49. The feed'power is taken from a spiral gear79 fixed to said shaft 49 and meshing with a companion spiral gear 81fixed to a sleeve loose on the shaft 77. To 11 this sleeve is alsoifixeda pair of spur gears 83 and 84 (Fi' 5). Gears 85 and 86 keyed to the'shaft S and .shiftable lengthwise thereon as a unit. are adapted tomesh, re V spectively, with the gears 83 and 84.1'10r changing speedbetween the sleeve 82 and the shaft 78, a suitable hand lever 87 andshifting lever 88 being employed for shifting said gears. The shafts 78and 77 are con- 1 nected by change-gears 89 and 91 which may e eithertransposedor removed for substitution of gears of different ratio forthepurpose of'chan'ging the rate of feedwith respect to,

the spindle speed. It will be observed that I I the bearings'92 for theshafts 77 and 78 are set in from the change-gears 88-91, entirely withinthe gear-box, and that a suitable cover y and 85 are in mesh a low feedspeed is proplate 93 closes the compartment 94 in which I said gears arelocated. When the gears 83 86 are in mesh a feed jspeed produced erallyby 96." In this bracket is journalled a shaft 97coplaner with and at riht angles to the shaft 77 and carrying a loose bev'el gear 98 in meshwith the gear 95. Said gear 98 is adapted to be connected to the shaft97 at will, by means of a manually. shiftable clutch collar 99 having akey connection'with said shaft, this clutch being shown engaged in Fig.5. Said shaft 97 also has fixed thereto a worm 101 adapted tomesh with awormgear 102 fixed to the feed shaft 103 to WlllCll the feed pinion 26,above-mentioned, is likea of bracket 96 a 'wise fixed. Saidworm ,isadapted to be brought into and out of mesh with the wormgear by raisinand lowering the front .end

out its-pivotal support on the shaft '77, thus connecting anddisconnecting the feed-gear in the gear-box and the spindle feed pinion26. p v Manually operated means is provided for raising and lowering thebracket 96 to engage and disengage the feed, and automatically operatedmeans is provided for disengaging the feed at a. predetermined-time,thus providing what is known in this art as an automaticstop. Theparticularform'of automatic stop disclosed herein ismore fully describedand claimed in my. co-pendin application Serial No. 464,416, filed April18, 1921. The manually operated means mentioned comprises a cam element104', in this instance integral. with a hand lever 105,

mounted on=a rock-shaft 106 at the control side of the machine, said camelement being adapted to bear against a thrust-plate 107 adjustablyfastened to the bracket 97 beneath the front portion thereof. Saidthrustlate has two seats 108 and 109 at different-e evations connectedby an inclined surface, wherebiy upon oscillating the lever 105 in acounterckwise direction viewing Fi 8, the camv element 104 will bewithdrawn rom the seat 108 so as to allow thebracket 96 to drop andunmesh the worm 101, the lower position being limited by contact of saidcam element against the seat 109. Reversal ofthis operation raises theworm into mesh with the worm gear 102. Theaut omatic stop comprises anarm 111 fixed to the rock shaft 106',- a link 112 pivoted atone end to'said arm and at-its opposite end toa follower 113,;a spiral-groove 114in the worm-gear body-.102, in which" groove the follower 113 islocated, and a stop element 115 adjustable to any position along thelength of said groove and. adapted to actuate said follower by rotarymotion 'of the Worm gear in a counter clockwise direction viewing Fig.1, thereby unmeshing the worm gear and stopping the feed, as will beobvious.

.invention and 'lhe feed may also be operateddirectly by hand by'radialhand bars 116 onthe feedshaft 113, or by a hand-wheel 117.fixedto I have provided a spiral spring 118 (Fig. 7

attached'at one end to an enclosing casing 119 in turn secured to thefeed shaft 103 by a clamp 121,-t-he spring being attached at itsopposite end to-a fixed part such as a boss 122 in the spindle housing.It will be manifest that as the spindle is fed down the spiral spring118 will be tightened and that the stored-up spring pressure willbeutilized to aid in returning or elevating the spindle.

From the foregoing it will be manifest that when either the. gear or 86is engaged with its companion gear and the clutch 99 and worm driveareengaged, the feed pinion 26 will be revolved by power simultaneouslywith rotation of the spindle by thespindledrive mechanism abovedescribed, the spindle speed and feed beingdeterminedby the particulargears in mesh in the respective changegear trains. H Itisv believed thatthe foregoing conveys a clear understanding of the principles of my abearing sleeve axially adjustable in one of said bores, a spindle drivegear the bub of which is an internally splined sleeve fixed in said earhub, a tool-spindle one end of which is sphned in said splineds'leeveand the other end passes through the other housing bore, anon-rotatable sleeve in which said other end-of the spindle isjournalled and which is guided in said otherbore, and means engagingsaid non-rotatable sleeve for imparting feed move ment to the spindle. 3

2. A drilling machine as set forth 'in claim 1, in which the spindledrive gear has an elongated hub at the end remote from the non-rotatablesleeve and has a here at its opposite end of sufiicient diameter toallow said non-rotatable sleeve to telescope within the gear huh. Y

parts within thescope of the in combination, a

gournalled in said bearing sleeve,-

of the objects prefaced above, 1

3. In a machine tool, in combination, a

spindle housing' havin'g an internally threaded bore, a bearing-sleevefittin in said bore and lthreadedly. engaged wit the screw threadstherein soias to be axially adjustable, a bevel gear the hub of which isjournalled in said bearingsleeve and the toothed body of which namedbeyond one end thereof,.a bevel pinion journalled in the housing andmeshing with said bevel gear, an anti-fric-' tion end-thrust bearinginterposed between the bevel gear body and the adjacent end of thebearing sleeve, a tool spindle telescoping within and driven by" saidgear, and means for imparting axial feed movement to the spindle. x 10In a machine tool,.in combination, a spindle housing hav ng spacedcoaxial bores, a bearing sleeve secured in one of said bores and havingan accurately finished internal bearing surface, a spindle drive gearthe hub 4 of which has a running fit in said sleeve bearing and theinternal faceof which is accurately finished, an internally splinedsleeve the periphery of which is finished concentrically with respect tothe bottom. surface so of the splined grooves therein, said splinesleeve having a press fit in the gear hub, a tool spindle thetool-carrying end of which is splinedfand fits in said spline sleeve,the splines on the spindle having peripheral lateral bearing andenddriving bearing against -'compl'emental faces of the sleeve s linegrooves and the opposite faces of the s eeve' splines, anon-rotatablesleeve in which the opposite end of the spindle is j ournalled and 30which is slidably guided in the other bore of 1 the housing, and meansengaging the nonrotatable sleeve for imparting feed move? ment to thespindle.

5. In a machine tool, the combination set 5 forth in claim 4, in whichthe spindle drive. gear is in the form of a bevel gear locatedintermediate said bores in the housing, and including a bevel pinionjournalled in. the housing and in mesh with said bevel. gear, and 40 -Inean's for axially adjusting said bearing sleeve\ in the housing formaintaining the bevel gear inipro er mesh with its pinion.

I 1 6. A machine tliol as set forth in claim 4, v in which the spindledrive gear has an elon- 45 gated hub and-the spline sl'eeve'therein is?located at .the' e {d'of the hub. remote from thenon-rotatable sleeve,and a bearing in the g opposite end of thehub within which thenon-rotatable sleeve is adapted to telescope 5 and which provideslateral bearing support for said sleeve; i

JOHNS. BARNES. a

